Taking an environmentally sensitive approach to pest management
Numerous grasshoppers are currently present in grass pastures, waterways, field borders and many soybean and corn fields throughout most areas of the state. As grasses and other field border vegetation begin to mature and dry, grasshoppers will continue to move into crop fields to feed on green vegetation.Dry field conditions found in some areas of Missouri will favor grasshopper survival by reducing the threat from various viral pathogens that typically reduce grasshopper numbers in most years.The economic thresholds for grasshoppers vary depending on the commodity or non-cropland areas requiring insecticide applications for effective grasshopper management.
Approximately 100 plus species of grasshoppers are found in Missouri, although only 5-7 species are common in field crops. As with most insects, the larger the grasshoppers grow the more foliage and other plant materials they consume. Damage from both nymph and adult grasshoppers is often seen as very ragged feeding wounds located fromleaf edges inward into the body of the leaf. Grain damage is often found on the tips of corn ears, on sorghum (milo) heads, and the pods of soybean. As fall approaches, new plantings of alfalfa and wheat may be at risk from grasshoppers and cricket damage.
Economic threshold information and labeled insecticides are listed in the following commodity tables:
SITE: Non-Cropland Areas |
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| Comments: Control grasshoppers when they are small by applying spot treatments tohatching sites in non-cropland areas. Treatment in these areas is justified when grasshoppernumbers reach or exceed 15 grasshoppers per square yard. | ||||
| Common Name | Trade Name | Rate of formulated material per acre | Placement | REI (hrs) |
| esfenvalerate | *Asana XL | 2.9 to 5.8 fl oz | Broadcast | - |
| Beta-cyfluthrin | *Baythroid XL | 2.6 to 2.8 fl oz | Broadcast | - |
| zeta-cypermethrin | *Mustang MAXX | 2.8 to 4.0 fl oz | Broadcast** | 12 |
| acephate | Orthene 75S | 2 oz to 2 2/3 oz of soluable powder | Broadcast | - |
| Gamma-cyhalothrin | *Proaxis | - | - | 24 |
| carbaryl | Sevin XLR Plus | 1 to 3 pt | Broadcast | - |
| lambda-cyhalothrin | *Warrior II | 1.28 fl oz | Broadcast | 24 |
*Designates a restricted-use pesticide. Use is restricted to certified applicators only. **Foliage must not be used for forage or grazed for all products except forBaythroid XL, Sevin XLR, and Mustang MAXX which have a 0-day pre-grazing interval. REI is reentry interval into treated area in hours. Regardless of the formulation selected, read the label to determine appropriated insecticide rates,directions, precautions, and restrictions. |
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SITE: Grass Pastures |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| Comments: Control grasshoppers when they are small by applying spot treatments to hatching sitesor in grass pastures. Treatment in these areas is justified when grasshopper numbers reach or exceed 7 grasshoppers per square yard. | ||||
| Common Name | Trade Name | Rate of formulated material per acre | Placement | Pre-harvest interval days |
| Beta-cyfluthrin | *Baythroid XL | 2.6 to 2.8 fl oz | Broadcast | 0 (grazing or forage) |
| zeta-cypermethrin | *Mustang MAXX | 3.2 to 4.0 fl oz | Broadcast | 0 (forage, hay), 17 (straw) |
| carbaryl | Sevin XLR Plus | 1 to 4 pt | Broadcast | 14 (harvest or grazing) |
| lambda-cyhalothrin | *Warrior II | 1.28 to 1.92 fl oz | Broadcast | 0 (grazing or forage) 7 (hay) |
| *Designates a restricted-use pesticide. Use is restricted to certified applicators only. Regardless of the formulation selected, read the label to determine appropriated insecticide rates,directions, precautions, and restrictions. | ||||
SITE: Alfalfa |
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| Comments: Control grasshoppers when they are small by applying spot treatments to hatching sitesin non-cropland areas. Treatment in these areas is justified when grasshopper numbers reach or exceed 15 grasshoppers per square yard. | ||||
| Common Name | Trade Name | Rate of formulated material per acre | Placement | Pre-harvestInterval (days) |
| beta-cyhalothrin | *Baythroid XL | 2.0 to 2.8 fl oz | broadcast | 0 (forage, hay) |
| chlorpyrifos + gamma-cyhalothrin | *Cobalt | 7 to 13 fl oz | broadcast | 7 (graze, hay) |
| dimethoate | Dimethoate | see product label | broadcast | 10 (harvest, graze) |
| chlorpyrifos | *Lorsban Advanced | 1/2 to 1 pt | broadcast | 7 (graze, hay) |
| gamma-cyhalothrin | *Proaxis | 2.56 to 3.84 fl oz | broadcast | 1 (forage) 7 (hay) |
| zeta-cypermethrin | *Mustang MAXX | 2.8 to 4.0 fl oz | broadcast | 0 (forage, hay) |
| carbaryl | Sevin XLR Plus | 1 to 3 pt | broadcast | 7 (harvest, grazing) |
| zeta-cypermethrin + chlorpyrifos | *Stallion | 9.25 to 11.75 fl oz | broadcast | 7 (cutting, graze) |
| cyfluthrin | *Tombstone | 2.8 to 4.0 fl oz | broadcast | 7( forage, graze, hay) |
| lambda-cyhalothrin | *Warrior II | 1.28 fl oz | broadcast | 1 (forage) 7 (hay) |
| *Designates a restricted-use pesticide. Use is restricted to certified applicators only. Regardless of the formulation selected, read the label to determine appropriated insecticide rates,directions, precautions, and restrictions. | ||||
SITE: Field Corn |
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| Comments: Control grasshoppers when they are small by applying spot treatments to hatching sites in field borders and grass waterways. Treatment in CORN field is justified when 7 or more grasshoppers per square yard are present and foliage is being severely damaged. After pollen shed, control may be necessary if grasshoppers are damaging foliage above ear zone. Dimethoate should not be applied to corn during pollen-shed. |
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| Common Name | Trade Name | Rate of formulated material per acre | Placement | REI Hours | Pre-Harvest Interval Days |
| esfenvalerate | *Asana XL | 5.8 to 9.6 fl oz | foliage | 12 | 21 (grain) |
| cyfluthrin | *Baythroid XL | 1.6 to 2.8 fl oz | foliage | 12 | 21 (grain or fodder)0 (green forage) |
| bifenthrin | *Brigade 2EC | 2.1 to 6.4 fl oz | foliage | 12 | 30 (grain, fodder, graze) |
| chlorpyrifos + gamma-cyhalothrin | *Cobalt | 7 to 13 fl oz | foliage | 24 | 21 (grain or ears) 14 (graze or silage haravest) |
| deltamethrin | *Delta Gold 1.5EC | 1.0 to 1.5 fl oz | foliage | 12 | 21 (grain, fodder)12 (cut forage or graze) |
| alpha-cypermethrin | Fastac EC | 2.7 to 3.8 fl oz | foliage | 12 | 30 (grain, stover) 60 (graze) |
| dimethoate | Dimethoate 4E | 1 pt | foliage | 48 | 28 (grain) 14 (forage) |
| zeta-cypermethrin + bifenthrin | *Hero | 2.6 to 6.1 fl oz | foliage | 12 | 30 (grain, stover, graze) 60 (forage) |
| chlorpyrifos | *Lorsban Advanced | 1/2 to 1 pt | foliage | 24 | 21 (grain, ears ,forage, fodder) |
| chlorpyrifos | *Lorsban 4E | 1/2 to 1 pt | foliage | 24 | 21 (grain, ears, forage, fodder) |
| zeta-cypermethrin | *Mustang MAXX | 2.8 to 4.0 fl oz | foliage | 12 | 30 (grain, stover) 60 (forage) |
| chlorpyrifos | *Nufos 4E | 1/2 to 1 pt | foliage | 24 | 21 (grain or ears) |
| microencapsulated methyl parathion | *Penncap-M | 2 to 3 pt | foliage | 48 | 12 (grain, forage, graze) |
| gamma-cyhalothrin | *Proaxis | 2.56 to 3.84 fl oz | foliage | 24 | Do not graze livestock |
| zeta-cypermethrin +chlorpyrifos | *Stallion | 9.25 to 11.75 fl oz | foliage | 24 | 30 (grain, stover, graze) 60 (forage) |
| cyfluthrin | *Tombstone Helios | 2.1 to 2.8 fl oz | foliage | 12 | 21 (grain or fodder), 0 (forage) |
| lambda-cyhalothrinn + chlorantraniliprole | *Voliam xpress | 6.0 to 9.0 fl oz | foliage | 24 | 1(forage) 7 (hay) |
| lambda-cyhalothrin | *Warrior II | 1.28 to 1.92 fl oz | foliage | 24 | 21 (grain), 1 (graze, forage) 21 (treated feed or fodder) |
*Designates a restricted-use pesticide. Use restricted to certified applicators only. |
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SITE: Soybean |
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| Comments: Treat when defoliation reaches 30% before bloom, 20% bloom to pod fill, or when 5% to 10% of pods are damaged. | |||||
| Common Name | Trade Name | Rate of formulated material per acre | Placement | REI Hours | Pre-Harvest Interval Days |
| esfenvalerate | *Asana XL | 5.8 to 9.6 fl oz | Broadcast | 12 | 21 (grain) Do not feed |
| beta-cyfluthrin | *Baythroid XL | 2.0 to 2.8 fl oz | Broadcast | 12 | 21 days, do not feed to livestock |
| chlorpyrifos + gamma-cyhalothrin | *Cobalt | 7 to13 fl oz | Broadcast | 24 | 30 (grain)Do not feed |
| deltamethrin | * Delta Gold | 1.5 to 1.9 fl oz | Broadcast | 12 | 21 (grain) do not graze, feed |
| dimethoate | Dimethoate 4EC | 1 pt | Broadcast | 48 | 5 (feed, graze) |
| chlorpyrifos | Lorsban Advanced | 1/2 to 1 pt | Broadcast | 24 | 30 (grain) do not graze, feed |
| lambda-cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam | *Endigo ZC | 3.5 to 4.5 fl oz | Broadcast | 24 | 30 (grain) do not graze, feed |
| Imadicloprid + cyfluthrin | *Leverage | 2.8 fl oz | Broadcast | 12 | 21(grain) |
| chlorpyrifos | *Lorsban 4E | 1/2 to 1 pt | Broadcast | 24 | 30 (grain) do not graze, feed |
| zeta-cypermethrin | *Mustang MAXX | 3.2 to 4.0 fl oz | Broadcast | 12 | 21 (grain)Do not feed |
| chlorpyrifos | *Nufos 4E | 1/2 to 1 pt | Broadcast | 24 | 30 (grain) do not graze, feed |
| acephate | Orthene 97 | 1/4 to 1/2 lb | Broadcast | 24 | 21 days, do notfeed to livestock |
| lambda-cyhalothrin | *Proaxis | 3.2 to 3.84 fl oz | Broadcast | 24 | 30 (grain) Do not feed, graze |
| carbaryl | Sevin XLR Plus | 1 to 3 pt | Broadcast | 12 | 14 (graze, harvest) 21 (seed) |
| chlorpyrifos +zeta-cyhalothrin | *Stallion | 5.0 to 11.75 fl oz | Broadcast | 24 | 28 (grain) |
| cyfluthrin | *Tombstone | 2.0 to 2.8 fl oz | broadcast | 12 | 45 (feed) 60 (green forage) |
| lambda-cyhalothrin | *Warrior II | 1.6 to 1.92 fl oz | Broadcast | 24 | 30 (grain) do notfeed |
*Designates a restricted-use pesticide. Use restricted to certified applicators only. |
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SITE: Grain Sorghum (Milo) |
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| Comments: Control grasshoppers when they are small by applying spot treatments to hatching sites infield borders and grass waterways. Treatment in crop field is justified when 7 or more grasshoppers per squareyard are present. | |||||
| Common Name | Trade Name | Rate of formulated material per acre | Placement | REI Hours | Pre-Harvest Interval Days |
| cyfluthrin | *Baythroid XL | 2 to 2.8 fl oz | grain head, foliage | 12 | 14 (grain or graze) |
| chlorpyrifos + gamma-cyhalothrin | *Cobalt | 7 to 13 fl oz | grain head, foliage | 24 | 30 (grain, forage, fodder, hay, or silage) |
| gamma-cyfluthrin | *Declare | 1.02 to 1.54 fl oz | grain head, foliage | 24 | 30 (grain) |
| deltamethrin | *Delta Gold 1.5EC | 1 to 1.5 fl oz | grain head, foliage | 12 | 14 (grain, cut or graze forage) |
| dimethoate | Dimethoate 4E | 1/2 to 1 pt | grain head, foliage | 48 | 28 (grain) 14 (forage) |
| Alpha-cypermethrin | *Fastac EC | 3.2 to 3.9 fl oz | grain head, foliage | 12 | 14 (grain, stover) 45 (forage) |
| chlorpyrifos | *Lorsban Advanced | 1/2 to 1 pt | grain head, foliage | 24 | 30 (grain, forage, fodder, hay, or silage) |
| chlorpyrifos | *Lorsban 4E | 1/2 to 1 pt | grain head, foliage | 24 | 30 (grain, forage, fodder, hay, or silage) |
| zeta-cypermethrin | *Mustang MAXX | 3.2 to 4.0 fl oz | grain head, foliage | 12 | 30 (grain, stover) 45 (forage) |
| chlorpyrifos | *Nufos 4E | 1/2 to 1 pt | grain head, foliage | 24 | 30 (grain, forage, fodder, hay, or silage) |
| - | *Stallion | 9.25 to 11.75 fl oz | grain head, foliage | 24 | 30 (grain, stover) 45 (forage) |
| cyfluthrin | *Tombstone Helios | 2 to2.8 fl oz | grain head, foliage | 12 | 14 (harvest or graze forage) |
| lambda-cyhalothrin | *Warrior II | 1.28 to 1.92 fl oz | grain head, foliage | 24 | 30 (grain), 7 (graze) ,30 (straw fed to livestock) |
*Designates a restricted-use pesticide. Use restricted to certified applicators only. |
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REVISED: September 30, 2015